Proanthocyanidin Tier V-BL-B

Vitis vinifera

Grape

Tier VProanthocyanidin Tier

Target Trait

1.8 g/L

mg/L

High-molecular-weight proanthocyanidin complex

Technical Specifications

Genomic Edits

GC Content

50.1%

Construct Length

7,600 bp

Promoter System

CaMV 35S / Ubiquitin

Expression System

Biolistic transformation

Host Strain

Particle Gun

Receptor Target

Polyphenol-astringency axis

IFI Score

920

Pathway Edits

LAR high-expression cassette (leucoanthocyanidin reductase)
ANR multi-copy integration (anthocyanidin reductase)
DFR allelic replacement with high-activity variant
TT19 glutathione S-transferase upregulation
TT12 vacuolar transporter amplification
MYB9 transcription factor constitutive expression
Biolistic tungsten-particle coating for leaf/seed explant delivery
Enhanced flux via 5'UTR synthetic leader sequence optimization

Key Interventions

High-molecular-weight proanthocyanidin chain elongationProcyanidin B-type and A-type ratio optimizationVacuolar sequestration efficiency maximizationProtein-binding tannin surface area engineeringAstringency persistence and mouthcoating modulationSecondary cell wall polyphenol deposition enhancementHigh-pressure helium particle acceleration at 1100 psiVariant B enhanced: iterative codon optimization for host-matched expression

IFI Subscale Profile

IFI Profile

IFI-S

—

IFI-U

—

IFI-B

—

IFI-K

—

IFI-C

—

IFI-P

—

IFI-A

920

IFI-F

—

Use Case

Fine wine flavor engineering, premium spirits tannin modulation, functional grape seed extract production, high-tannin phenolic food additives, advanced mouthfeel design in fermented beverages. Enhanced variant for premium or research-grade applications requiring peak astringency fidelity.

License

$549 · Tier V License

Includes full construct sequence, CRISPR guide designs, pathway edit specifications, flux balance analysis, and IFI validation data.

Already purchased?

Back to Astringency · IFI-A All Modalities